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This experiment uses the diversity of insects on different parts of the UMass campus in Amherst, MA to indicate different factors about its microclimates. There has been a great deal of research focused on finding what different insect species says about the area they live. This experiment is designed so different groups can set up traps in various spots so they might be compared and conclusions can be drawn. This project would tell us a great deal about the environment in our area.

The species of grasses and weeds that inhabit the ground and turf people walk on often go by unnoticed. In this experiment, we propose to study the diversity and richness of these species and figure out what variables play a major role in changing the diversity and richness. In order for the project to be compliant with eight different groups collecting data, we came up with eight different variables. These variables include: soil pH, amounts of sunlight, amounts of foot traffic and nearby vehicular traffic, and elevation in relation to water runoff. In addition to that, other variables groups could study are: frequency the area is mowed, how recently the grass was planted, and the grass’s proximity to a body of water.

One reason why scientists should choose to vaccinate a German Shepherd female is that German Shepherds are among the most intellgient dog breeds. Growing up, I witnessed this display of intelligence. Both of my German Shepherds learned how to open doors with their paws without being trained to do so. My current dog picks up his food bowl when he is hungry and nudges the water bowl when it’s empty. They both only required a couple weeks of training, whereas my other dogs, Labradors, required twice as much time. They not only make smart family pets, but are also fundamental components of the military, police stations, and disability services. As said from My Assistance Dog Inc, “They’re also incredibly sharp, observant, courageous, trainable, and loyal, which makes them the leading choice for working dogs used by the military, police, TSA, border patrol, and other law enforcement agencies”. This website also discusses how they also have long history as guide dogs and assistant dogs to people with disabilities due to their trainibility. All of these institutions require serious concentration and reliability and thus these dogs are essential assets to humanity. 

These dogs are an incredible and useful tool that our Police, and military are able to use for a number of different tasks. Losing breeds like the German Shepard could be very detrimental to our police force here in America and our military overseas. They are used as guard dogs, attack dogs, they help find drugs and bombs, and help to rescue people. Without these dogs, the productivity of the forces that keep our country safe may be greatly diminished. The German Shepard is a charismatic, intelligent, useful, and affectionate dog breed and these characteristics make it the perfect candidate to receive the vaccine for the retrovirus.

There is one dog that is found on this planet that is versatile in every way not only can it perform jobs for the government and military, but it is capable of being a loving companion and family dog. The German Shepard is one of Americas most popular dog breeds and there is a good reason for it. The German Shepard excels in athletic ability, it can be easily trained, and outside of some inbreeding is an incredibly healthy and resilient breed. German Shepard’s are also known for having medium to large litter sizes with the average being 8 puppies and ranges in litter sizes from 1 to 15 puppies. This large litter size could help the population rise faster than other breeds could. In addition, these puppies are very charismatic, energetic, and intelligent and have big floppy ears until they are a couple of months old making them very adorable. The German Shepard is an incredibly charismatic and loved dog, however, its friendliness and loyalty are equally matched by its usefulness in our police and in our military.

HeLa cells were stolen from Henrietta Lacks without her knowledge of full consent, while she was in John Hopkins hospital seeking radium treatment for her cervical cancer, scientist George Gey sought the opportunity, while Henrietta was unconscious during surgery, to have a surgeon collect her cancerous tissue cells to be used for his research on growing a human immortal cell line. To Gey’s astonishment the cells grew perfectly and survived longer than any of the cells he had cultured before, and the rest is scientific history. Yet what science seems to forget is the woman behind the cells and how unethical scientific research was during the 1950’s to the early 1990’s. During that forty year time span many critical and obstructive research occurred all over the United States and possibly all over the world with no laws or pre-dispositions to help regulate the safety and prosperity of the subjects and/or victims of these various scientific research experiments, some of who did not even know they were being used for research purposes such as Henrietta Lacks herself or even her family.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder in premenoausal women. Recent studies have produced evidence that PCOS is a disorder with strong environmental and epigenetic influences, including diet and other lifestyle factors. PCOS frequently appears in assocaition with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular risks, insulin resistance and obesity. This disorder does not require complicated treatments or extensive changes to ones life styles, but have found that the disorder requires appropiate therapies that address hyperandrogenism, a consequence of metabolic disorders. 

Post-lab Question:

           Using two TLC plate, one had to mark three spots 1cm above the bottom of the plate. If 3 UV active spots were in the crude material and co-spot TLC plate, and only one spot had the same R_f as the starting material and the other 2 are very different, predictions for the 2 non-starting material spots could be something in the middle of the mechanisms. There are four parts to the mechanism, so the second and third part of the mechanism would be the 2 non-starting material spots. This is due to the rate of the hydride attack on the carbon double bonded to the oxygen. It depends heavily on the R group present, and the more electron deficient it is, the faster the hydride can attack. But because they are different from the starting material spot, it would mean that it was caught somewhere in between and could not fully reduced and go to completion.

The physical characteristics of males and females are similar but have one distinct differences. Males and females both have an adult length of 12 inches from the tip of the rostrum to the tip of their tail, their tail only being 2 inches long and their thin, elongated rostrum reaching up to 3 inches. Relative to their length, their width is small, reaching only 2 inches across. They both have a light brown colored short hair which extends throughout their main body and head leaving the tail bare, except for a little patch of white hair which they have at the very tip of their tail that they used when hunting. However, in addition to their hair, females have a single white stripe going from neck to the base of their tail, the one only distinct visible difference. Its ears and eyes are large and contain membranes which they are able to control to prevent the sand from entering their ears and eyes. This mammal is also insectivores with small dagger like teeth and have diphyodont dentition. Being an insectivore, they have a small intestine with no cectum. The American Rhingon also have long legs with didactylous toes which have relatively long claws to be able to burrow during the day time while retaining the ability to efficiently grab prey. For this reason, locomotion is ambulatory with a plantigrade foot positioning as their main source of locomotion.

         Chromosome mis-segregation can lead to a number of physiological issues both in the short and long-term. The cause and effects of various chromosomal mis-segregation events and their molecular pathways are still not fully understood. Despite being shown to cause decreased cellular proliferation, aneuploidy is seen in an astounding 90% of solid tumors and 50% of blood cancers. Continued research is needed, however studies have shown that aneuploidy and CIN can both promote and inhibit tumorigenesis. A greater understanding of the role aneuploidy plays in tumorigenesis could shed light on the possible development of new cancer therapies in the future.