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Week 4, Perfect Paragraph

Submitted by vvikhrev on Fri, 02/16/2018 - 11:52

The heart is located at the center of the circulatory system and delivers blood to every part of your body. Before deoxygenated blood coming from veins fills the right atrium, it is assumed that the pressure in the right atrium is 0mmHg at diastole. The blood flowing though the right atrium passively fills the right ventricle as it passes the open atrioventricular (AV) valve. This stage is called diastole because the heart is relaxed and not contracting yet. Systole (contraction) begins when the pressure in the right atrium increases by a small increment to push the rest of its contents into the right ventricle. This causes the pressure in the right ventricle to exceed the pressure of the atrium above it and the AV valve to close shut. The valves close tightly with the aid of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. The right ventricle pressure begins to rise. The aortic pressure is the determinant of our blood pressure and has a normal range of 80-120 mmHg. As the ventricle builds up in pressure by isometric contraction, it surpasses the aortic pressure and the aortic valve opens. As the right ventricular pressure begins to decrease after it ejected blood into the aorta, it reaches a pressure below 80 mmHg and the aortic valve closes. The ventricle will cease systole and go into diastole. The ventricle ejects 70 mL of blood into the aorta. The right ventricle's pressure will decrease to a point lower than the pressure in the right atrium, the AV valve will open and the right ventricle will be filled passively once again. This similar process occurs on the left side of the heart as the left atrium fills with oxygenated blood that came from the lungs. This blood vessel network is crucial to survival and any deviation from it can cause serious heart disorders.

Perfect Paragraph - Stable isotope analysis.

Submitted by drosen on Fri, 02/16/2018 - 10:11

Stable isotope analysis is a revlutionary analytical process that has several implications on both the ornithological field and conservative movements worlwide. This technique allows for the analysis of isotope concentrations that collect in the tissues of species following meals and this information can be used to make inferences on location given the geographic predicatilbity of these isotopope concentrations. This is atypically powerful with avian species as their feathers are unique and metabollicaly inert once they reach maturity. Similar to fossills, this leaves a lasitng mark that can be analyzed months after the standard isotopes would have naturally been released in normal tissues. Conservatonalist advocates have used this evidence to support movements for the protection breeding and molting grounds that can be thousands of miles away from the speices that are affected by their destruction.

Methods Project

Submitted by mrmoy on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 22:19

The species of plant that is being observed is the Camellia Japonica Napoleon. This plant is located at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the Durfee Conservatory & Garden. The greenhouse is in between the morrill science buildings and the university health center. Facing the morrill science buildings is an entrance to the greenhouse, where the different kinds of Camellia Japonica are found on the right immediately after entering the greenhouse. The Camellia Japonica Napoleon is the second to last tree from the entrance. Two pictures are taken: a close-up picture of an individual flower and a picture of the entire plant. The close-up of the individual flower includes a fully blossomed flower. The fully blossomed flower is pink in color and has multiple layers of petals. Measurements of the flower size is taken with a ruler in centimeters and is recorded for future reference. The picture of the entire plant is taken from a distance at a vertical angle in which the plant is in between the entrance and the camera. The size of the entire plant is estimated by standing next to the plant. Along with the two pictures obtained from the Durfee Conservatory & Garden, is a world map showing the origins of the Camellia Japonica Napoleon plant. This information is found by researching the origins of the Camellia Japonica family, rather than the specific individual Napoleon subspecies.

Perfect Paragraph

Submitted by cfellrath on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 18:58

In the 19th century new ideas had emerged of how the brain functions. There were two different theories at the forefront during this period. Camilo Golgi, best known for creating the Golgi stain, had theorized that the brain was circulatory network such as the heart and that neurites of different neurons were all connected. Another scientist Santiago Ramon y Cajal believed that the brain worked via contact rather than connection. He theorized that neurites of different neurons are not continuous with each other and communicate by contact. The theory that was proposed by Ramon y Cajal would be known as the Neuron Doctrine. However, his theory was not accepted until proven much later by the electron microscope, and is now universally accepted

PP Nuclear Arms Race P2

Submitted by ameserole on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 16:55

This is where the two paths diverge. With the discovery of nuclear fission both countries started nuclear programs, but the amount of resources dedicated to them varied greatly. In the US, the program started slowly. At the start of the program the idea of a nuclear weapon was a distant thought. In a letter written to Winston Churchill by Bohr in 1944, he recalls that a few years prior the idea of a complete and functioning bomb was a “fantastic dream” (Bohr Letter). Allied British scientists thought that the bomb wouldn’t be a weapon of this war, but one for the future due to the vast amount of resources needed to produce it. The American’s estimated the costs of the project to be much lower than they actually were when the project was complete. This misplaced optimism may have played a part in their decision to put what is now equivalent to $30 billion dollars into the creation of these weapons. This project was never guaranteed to pay off, and putting this enormous of an effort into something during wartime is a big risk. The German nuclear project was run differently. Instead of focusing only on a nuclear weapon, the Germans set out to harness all facets of nuclear power, including nuclear energy. This meant that the already limited resources of a country at war were to be spread even thinner, making the bomb even less of a priority for Germany (Walker 24-25).

Methods Para 1

Submitted by nchenda on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 15:05

Finding and Capturing Pictures of the Plant

I went to Durfee Greenhouse in between 10am-4pm. I entered through the door that’s closest to the Integrative Learning Center. The plant I found was the very first plant to my right that was in a square pot. Its name is Camellia Japonica. I took a picture of the whole plant while standing in front of the entrance and diagonal to the plant. I took an up-close picture of a few flowers that were close together. These flowers had sun shining on them unlike the ones in the shade.

 

Methods PP

Submitted by sworkman on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 13:40

I made a multi panel figure that displays photographs of a flowering plant and a map of the plants origin. The plant I chose is a Cattleya hybrid known as Cattleya ‘War Paint’. Cattleya is a type of orchid that can be found anywhere from Costa Rica south to Argentina.

I found this plant in the Durfee Conservatory located on the campus of Umass Amherst. I entered the conservatory from its front entrance, near Thatcher Way and went through the building until reaching the Epiphyte/Vine House. There were shelves of plants on the right side of the room and the Cattleya was the first one in the row. I took three photographs of the plant. The first was taken from the front which included the entire plant and pot with the tag “Cattleya ‘War Paint’” showing. The plant had two flowers, one to the rear and one lower and in front; I took a close up of the front flower next to a ruler in mm for my other two photographs. One is with the ruler horizontal against the flower and the other is with the ruler vertical.

 

 

Week 4 PP

Submitted by jngomez on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 13:18

A chemotherapy drug that would link with CB-839, a glutiminase inhibitor would be docetaxel. Docetaxel is known as a antimicrotubule agent. This means that it inhibits the formation of microtubules. Microtubules are highly involved in replicating and pulling apart chromosomes and sister chromatids throughout various stages of the cell cycle. Microtubules are known to be unstable. They contain a plus and minus end. The plus end is referred to as beta and the minus end as alpha. Tubulin is the building blocks of microtubules. Tubulin assembly can happen at either end of the microtubule. When outside the cell it is most favorable at the plus end and depolymerization happens on the minus end. Inhibition of the formation of microtubules will collapse and will result in cell death. Overall, the use of docetaxel with Cb-839 will be a great contribution to targeting KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma.

 

Are Humans Still Evolving Intro Perfect Paragraph

Submitted by tedarling on Thu, 02/15/2018 - 11:57

With the advent of technological innovations, humans are now capable of modifying the environment at a previously unprecedented level. Advances in medicine, such as the development of penicillin, have saved countless lives. Modern agricultural methods have vastly improved the amount of food that can be harvested. Building towns and infrastructure has ensured that people are no longer isolated from each other. At first glance it may seem as though these recent changes in human history would halt evolutionary change. However, modern humans certainly still face challenges to survival and exhibit varying reproductive success - the fodder for evolution.

Criticism of Marquis PP

Submitted by liamharvey on Wed, 02/14/2018 - 19:58

In “Why Abortion is Immoral”, Marquis argues against the morality of abortion by first explaining why killing other people is wrong. This discussion of why killing people is wrong later segues into his reasoning for why abortion is immoral; Marquis’ “future-like-ours” argument. Marquis explains that killing is wrong because “The loss of one’s life deprives one of all the experiences, activities, projects and enjoyments that otherwise would have constituted one’s future” (189). Marquis later connects the wrongness of killing to the immorality of abortion, suggesting that the standard fetus’ future includes the same experiences, activates etc. of an adult human. Marquis goes further to suggest that because the promise of a future is enough to explain why it is wrong to kill a newborn baby, it follows that it is prima facie wrong to abort a fetus.

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