PP #2

Structure of Scientific Literature

The similarities of these two pieces of literature are the level 2 headings, this includes the abstract, introduction, discussion and conclusions. Although the article about the non-native species in the Baltic Sea, if read one can see that they are included. On the other hand, the article on the wide spread and different traits of these species specifically states these headings. The abstract is used in these pieces of literature to give a quick summarizing background on the topic of discussion. The following section is the introduction which is a more in-depth background configuration which includes the original thought and ending with the hypothesis which will try to be validated or invalidated in the research. Materials and methods are to follow. This section is used to give specific details about how they retrieved their data in order for other scientists who are interested in the topic to perform the research on their own to validate the authors results. The results section is where they include all of their data, including well organized tables and graphs to connect all of their data in a simple and efficient display. Finally, the discussion and conclusion section is used to discuss the results point out any major setbacks or notable data they expected or did not expect. This is also where they connect it back to their hypothesis and validate or invalidate it in a clear and concise way.