Throughout the history of science, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) has served as a model organism. Yeast is a unicellular, eukaryotic microorganism that can exist stably as both a haploid and diploid and can reproduce either sexually or asexually. When yeast are in the haploid state they exist as either the MATa or MATα. Yeast cells can remain in the haploid state, or one MATa and one MATα cell can sexually reproduce to produce a diploid cell.
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