just to review for my upcoming exam, hear are some notes:
There are 2 theories as to how our brain perceives sound. (the brain detects pitch!!!)
1.) Frequency theory: the frequency of auditory neural impulses corresponds to frequency of tone. lower notes vibrate at slower speeds and higher notes vibrate at higher speeds, as pitch increases, nerve impulses of the same frequency are sent to the auditory nerve
EX: a tone with a frequency of 700 Hz will produce 700 nerve impulses per second
- it is speed that determines pitch!
2.) place theory: we can hear different pitches due to sound frequencies on specific parts of the cochlear basiliar membrane, different parts of the cochlea are activated by different frequencies
EX: a sound that is 6000Hz would stimulate the spot along the membrane that passeses a characteristic frequency of 6000 Hz
- the brain detects pitch based on the position of hair cells that transmitted the neural signal
There are 2 theories as to how a "taste is encoded" by taste receptor cells
1.) Labelled-line model: each single TRC can sense all 5 tastes but it will only respond to one, they are innervated by individually tuned nerve fibers
2.) Across-fiber model: has two parts: individual taste receptor cells are tuned to multiple tastes and the same afferent fiber carries info for more than one taste OR that TRCs are tuned to single taste qualities but the same afferent fiber carries info for more than one taste
There are 3 theories/models to the mechanical gating of touch
1.) Indirect/Direct tether model
2.) membrane model
3.) secondary-messenger model
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