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Results PP

Submitted by cbbailey on Thu, 02/28/2019 - 18:31

When comparing the two figures there were many differences that could be observed not only with the pictures themselves but with the layout of the figure. When comparing the pictures, the first thing that stands out is that both the trees look very different, with the tree in the replica having pine needles and the tree in the original not having any form of  greenery or leaves at all. Another difference I noticed was that the tree in the replia didn't include the Ivy branches on the trunk while they were present in the original picture. The pictures also had very different backgrounds, the original had a grass with a small amount of snow in the background while the replica only has snow. The tree in the original also appears much larger than the tree in the replica. All of the photos in the replica also show where the tree is planted in the ground while for the original we only see this portion of the ground in 2 of the photos.

When comparing the structure of the figures, one thing that stands out is the labeling of the pictures which are labeled as Picture A,B,C,D in the original and labeled 1,2,3,4 in the replica. There are also no descriptions for the figure in the replica while the original contains these descriptions below their respective label.  The size of the photos is slightly different between the two, with the original having slightly taller pictures when compared to the replica. The arrows between the two figures also shared some differences, with the arrows for the Ivy all pointed to the same picture in the replica while there is one to each picture in the original. The arrows are also slightly  thicker in the replica when compared to the original. The labels the arrows pointing from are different with the original having Ivy Branches and tree and the replicate having Ivy and trees. These labels also have a slightly bigger font size than the labels used on the orginal.

 

Results draft

Submitted by cbbailey on Thu, 02/28/2019 - 17:23

When comparing the two figures there were many differences that could be observed not only with the pictures themselves but with the panel layout as well. When comparing the pictures, the first thing that stands out is that both the trees look very different, with the tree in the replica having pine needles and the tree in the original not having any for of greenery at all. Another thing I noticed was that the tree in the replia didn't have the Ivy branches on the trunk like they did in the original. The pictures also had very different backgrounds, the original had a grass with a small amount of snow in the background while the replica only has snow. The tree in the original also appears to be much larger than the tree subject in the replica. The angle from which the trees shot from also appears to be much steeper than in the original compared to the replica.  

When comparing the structure of the figures, one thing that stands out is the labeling of the pictures which are labeled as Picture A,B,C,D in the original and labeled 1,2,3,4 in the replica. There are also no descriptions for the figure in the replica.  The size of the photos is slightly different between the two, with the original having slightly taller pictures when compared to the replica. The arrows between the two figures also shared some differences, with the arrows for the Ivy all pointed to the same picture in the replica while there is one to each picture in the original. The arrows are also slightly  thicker in the replica when compared to the original. The labels the arrows pointing from are different with the original having Ivy Branches and tree and the replicate having Ivy and trees. These labels also have a slightly bigger font size than the labels used on the orginal.

 

Genetic Behavior and Free will pt 2 Bio 280 Dis

Submitted by cbbailey on Wed, 02/27/2019 - 22:22

Another reason that many of these genetic basis  are influences rather than flat out determining our behavior is from the existence and persistence of competing behaviors in a population. One example of this can be found through the existence of self sacrifice in populations. Both self sacrifice to help protect the genes of the population as well as self preservation to protect and pass on one's own genes exist in the same population.  Another example of this can be found in the T shirt experiment. While this test might be a found a valid genetic behavior that leads to us choosing our mate, it is only one factor in a huge number of other variables that we use in determining if somebody is attractive or not. These factors don’t always necessarily go together so while the smell in the test might lead some people to choose one person as a mate, a different factor may influence them in the opposite way leading to a situation were our behavior is being influenced in two, or potentially more, different ways. In conclusion while our behaviors are greatly influenced by our genetics, I do not think this really affects the situation if we have free will or not. Our genetic behaviors seem to be affected by what our environment is or was and many could result in behaviors that contradict the genetic basis, and even if environment did not play a factor our genetics seems to only influence decisions not decide them for us and can result many different choices.

 

Genetic Behavior and Free will pt 1 Bio 280 Dis

Submitted by cbbailey on Wed, 02/27/2019 - 22:22

While our human behaviors may have a genetic basis that evolved, many of these genetic behaviors only have an influence on us and are not the only factors when weighing in on how we will react in a situation. One example of a non genetic factor affecting how we make decisions is the environment. Depending on environmental factors, people may be able to act against genetic behaviors or may be even further entrenched into these behaviors. One example of this would be with dealing with two aggressive that have had a very different background with managing anger. In the BBC article “Missing gene link to aggression” they talk about how a gene, PET-1, was related to both aggression anxiety in mice and that there could be a similar gene or genes that affected it in humans as well. In a hypothetical example with two aggressive humans, if one has had an environmental influence that allows them to deal with this aggressiveness then their behaviors may not bet that different of a normal person. In contrast a person who’s environment has not given the proper skills to cope with this aggressiveness might have a much different response. Both of these individuals might be influenced in a similar way to do similar things but due to a different in the environments the actual behaviors may be very different. Another example of a environmental factor can be found in the “How your cat is making you Crazy” article. This article talks about how a a parasite found in cat feces can over time result in changes in our normal behavioral patterns. This shows how a outside parasite could potentially also affect our normal behaviors.

 

Introduction Methods

Submitted by cbbailey on Fri, 02/22/2019 - 00:44

The goals of this project was to be able to construct a methods section was to be able to create our own multipanel figure on our own, to be able to create a methods section to explain how the figure was created, and compare our create figure with another figure created by somebody else following our methods. By analysing the differences between the two figures created from the methods we will be able determine what parts of the methods are unclear and require more detail to create an accurate replica. The subjects that I chose for my figure were the trees covered in Ivy branches. I chose this interaction since because both were plant species there was very little chance for there to be a significant change in a two week period resulting in the same specimen not being able to be photographed for the replicate figure. Also even if there had been some sort of problem resulting in the specimen not being usable for the replicate, there were many other examples alongside the road that could also be used. When selecting my specimen, I wanted to make sure that it had a thick layer of Ivy that covered a large area of the tree to make sure it was very noticeable in the figure.

Methods - Introduction

Submitted by cbbailey on Thu, 02/21/2019 - 23:21

The goals of this project was to be able to construct a methods section was to be able to create our own multipanel figure on our own, be able to create a methods section to explain how the figure was created, and compare our create figure with another figure created by somebody else following our methods. By analysing the differences between the two figures we will be able to find what parts of our methods are unclear when replicating. The subjects of that I chose for my figure were the trees covered in Ivy branches along the West side of North Pleasant St. I chose this interaction since both were plant species there was very little chance for there to be a significant change resulting in the same example not being able to be photographed for the replicate figure. Also even if there had been some sort of problem resulting in the specimen not being there for the replicate, there were many other examples alongside the road that could also be used. When selecting my specimen, I wanted to make sure that it had a thick layer of Ivy that covered a large area of the tree to make sure it was very noticeable in the figure.

Cystic Fibrosis

Submitted by cbbailey on Thu, 02/21/2019 - 14:07

Cystic Fibrosis results from having two non functioning genes for the creation of the CFTP protein. This is autosomal recessive since as long as the body has one working copy of the CTPR gene it is able to preform its function normally. The cause of the symptoms of Cystic fibrosis is due to the buildup of thick layers of mucus which most notability leads to issues with lungs, but also affects the digestive system. This mucus buildup is due to inability for the cell to transport chloride ions to its surface. The CTPR protein forms a chloride Ion channel in the cell membrane allowing chloride Ions to leave the interior of the cell. These Ions attract water molecules to the surface of the cell which prevents the excess buildup of mucus on the surface of cells.

Observation and inference

Submitted by cbbailey on Fri, 02/15/2019 - 10:33

An observation is something that we can perceive using our 5 senses while and inference is the conclusions we drawn based upon observations. One personal example that highlights this difference can be see when cooking a burger. When checking to see if the burger is ready, serveral observations are made including the total amount of time it has been on the grill, what temperature the grill is currently at, How the burger currently looks and the texture of the burger. Using these observations I can make an inference about the approximate internal temperature of the burger and if it is ready to eat or not. This inference can be confirmed by using a thermometer to  record the exact temperature of the interior. Due to having repeated this process a great number of times however, I am confident in how accurate my inferences that the internal temperature of the burger will be correct based of these observations. 

Methods pt 2, Inkscape

Submitted by cbbailey on Fri, 02/15/2019 - 02:18

From my computer, I copied my 4 saved photos on to the inkscape program. Using the rectangle and box tool I made a dark green background approximatly 210mm wide by 300mm tall. I moved one of each of my 4 picture to a corner of the background and resized them to 70mm wide to 100mm tall. On the left corners I used both the pictures containing both species while i used the pictures of the indiviual species on the right corners. Using the create text objects function, I made 10 different text boxes. I moved 1 textbox directly under each of the two figures in the upper corners for the Picture Labels and 1 textbox directly above the two pictures in the lower corners for descriptions. Then under Picture label textboxs for the Upper corner picture I moved 1 more textbox under each for descriptions and above the two textboxes for descriptions for the pictures in the lower Corners I placed a textbox above each for Picture labels. Using a line creater and adding an arrowhead to the end of the line I created 6 arrows for labeling the pictures. using 3 arrows and one textboxes I labeled the Ivy in the 3 picture and using the remaining 3 arrows and last text box I labeled the trees in the 3 pictures.

Methods Pt 1, Taking picturesPP

Submitted by cbbailey on Thu, 02/14/2019 - 23:05

The inter species interaction that I decided to use for my project was between a tree and the Ivy branches climbing the trees. I started my search for pictures of this interaction by walking along the West side of North Pleasant St between Puffton village and UMass Amherst campus. While there were several examples of this interaction along this route, I wanted to look for a example that had a thick layer of Ivy branches going up at least 10 ft in the tree and a tree that was more than a foot in diameter. The example I picked for this was a tree in front of Puffton Village, approximately 100 ft from the first intersect For the individual species I took a photo of the Ivy branches from approximately 1 foot away from their side to try and isolate them in a picture. For the tree I searched around for another tree in the nearby area that did not have any Ivy branches climbing its trunk and used that for the picture. For the interaction pictures I took two pictures both from around 5 ft away from the tree. The first angled downward showing the base of the tree as well as the Ivy branches coming out of the ground and climbing the base of the tree. The second was angled slightly upward, showing the Ivy branches climbing higher up the tree wrapping around the branches of the tree. After taking these 4 photos I proceeded to return home and upload them to my computer to prepare for construction of my figure.

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