Virus: Dead or Alive?
Often a debate that arises among biologists is whether or not viruses are organisms or fall into their own categorization. Viruses exist alongside almost all designations of organisms, across all domains of life. While the presence of viruses is undoubtedly influential on life on Earth there is still heavy debate as to how to we view them, with arguments on both sides of this debate. Viruses are quite unique in their physical structure, as they are in essence very simple, consisting of genetic material either DNA or RNA wrapped in a protein capsule. The presence of DNA or RNA in viruses is often used as an argument as to why they could be considered alive as the presence of genetic material and the use of that material to reproduce is a characteristic of life. However, while they may have genetic material and reproduce, viruses cannot reproduce with a host cell to infect. They also do not have the ability to generate their own energy, respond to stimuli (outside of injecting a cell with their genetic material), and nor do they have the cellular structure of what we consider to be life.
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