In order to study the DNA of any organism, the genome must first be extracted for use. DNA extraction involves three crucial steps: tissue and cell disruption, preservation of the DNA, and clearance of extraneous cell components, including carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Once DNA has been purified, it is valuable to analyze the DNA sample in order to determine the yield and purity of the extraction product. Often times when DNA is extracted, RNA also remains in the contents since it is a nucleic acid similar to DNA; however samples can be treated with RNase, an enzyme that degrades RNA. DNA analysis can be carried out through gel electrophoresis, and for more information, it can also be spectrophotometrically analyzed. In spectrophotometry, the absorbance of light traveling through a sample is measured to determine the concentration and purity of the contents.
In this lab, we extracted the genomic DNA of Brachypodium distachyon. We then quantified the DNA using gel electrophoresis and absorbance spectrophotometry in order to verify the purification of the DNA, comparing samples treated and untreated with RNase A.
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