Genetics of Dog Hair Color

The genetics of dog hair colour is much more complicated than most people might think. There are many different genes, each themselves with sometimes three or four alleles, whose combination leads to the hundreds if not thousands of different coat varieties seen in canids both domestic and wild. Many people tend to think of genetics as working in the traditional Mendelian fashion of basic dominance and recessiveness of genes but dog hair colour is one of just many examples where the answer is not that simple. The introduction of more than two alleles whose dominance over one another varies leads to many more possible combinations of traits and is why the pattern, colour, length and curliness of dog hair varies so widely across the family Canidae.