Most people are under the assumption that plants move water actively. Moving the water actively would require an output of energy, however, plants actually move water passively. A good way to picture this is imagining a paper towel slowly soaking up water. To regulate the water though, energy needs to be expended. It’s thought that leaves constantly transpire but the stomata regulate this. Stomata, in greek, means mouths and its essentially the pores of the plant and how the plant allows water to leave. A stoma opens when the solute potential is negative and the turgor pressure is high. A stoma then closes when the solute potential is approximately zero and turgor pressure is low. The plant essentially wants water to leave and bring CO2 in. It creates a balance between the conservation of water and photosynthesis.
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