imadjidov's blog

Genomic analysis was made available through the prevalence and availability of gene sequencing. While human genome project sequenced the entire human genome most of the genomic analysis would not be possible would not be possible without the further accessibility of sequencing to the point where currently it is extremely affordable to have a genome sequenced, and other techniques such as next-gen sequencing and whole-genome sequencing that does not depend on the isolation of cells in order to sequence the genes.

The proposal in the article above highlights the analysis of a protein domain (BOP1) in many species, and creating a phylogenetic tree on the basis of taxonomy using program MEGA7. The co-expression of BOP1 protein was then mapped using a heat map. Absolute expression values for BOP1 genes in normal and cancerous tissues were taken from the GENT database. These values between normal and cancerous tissues were then compared.

Why studying the similarities and differences between hox genes is important. And why their expression is important. In the development of animals, there is a special period of embryonic similarity, during which not only the appearance of the embryos but also the expression of their genes is very conservative. The existence of this period is associated with the appearance in the evolution of stable building plans. In hox genes, the genes themselves are located on the chromosomes in order, therefore, strict, consistent activation of them is necessary in order for the body to form correctly. However, the mechanism and regulation of the Hox genes themselves remain unclear. It is clear that this process is very complex and multi-staged; non-coding RNAs are involved in it. To a complete understanding of all these processes in different animals, science is still very far away. When the basic mechanisms of gene regulation during early ontogenesis are deciphered, biologists will be able to closely address the following fundamental question, namely: why is all this necessary?

Understanding the fact that all animals, from scolopendra to elephants, are formed at the direction of very similar blocks of Hox genes, greatly changes the picture of the world. Instead of the fantastic diversity of nature, we suddenly see a room where children's crafts from Lego bricks are scattered. There are houses, and trains, and dogs - you can’t refuse our fantasies to fantasies - but at the heart of all the crafts is the uniform principle of connecting cubes with pimples. If you are used to admiring the diversity of the world in which you live, such a discovery cannot but disappoint you. Despite the fact that you yourself, as it turns out, are such a craft from the same standard set of parts.

Incidentally, this problem has not only theoretical but also practical significance. The difficulties encountered in animal cloning are largely determined by the fact that we still know too little about the work of genes during early development. Cloning of animals is carried out by transplanting a nucleus from a somatic (non-sexual) cell of one animal into the egg of another. However, for normal development, it is necessary that the genes of the embryo are initially silent, and they are quite active in the donor nucleus. The egg cytoplasm must somehow reprogram the nucleus, turn off the genome, and then turn it on again at the right time. Until we know how to help her with this, it’s hard to expect great success in cloning.

Babu, K. S. (1965). Anatomy of the Central Nervous System of Arachnids. Zoologische Jahrbucher: Abteilung Fur Anatomie Und Ontogenie Der Tiere, 82, 1–154.

Barth, Friedrich G. (2002). A Spider’s World: Senses and Behavior. Springer Science & Business Media.

Hill, D. E. (1975). The structure of the central nervous system of jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae:Salticidae). 

Jakob, E. M., Long, S. M., Harland, D. P., Jackson, R. R., Carey, A., Searles, M. E., … Rolland, J. P. (2018). Lateral eyes direct principal eyes as jumping spiders track objects. Current Biology, 28(18), R1092–R1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.0655.

Correction to: An update and reassessment of fern and lycophyte diversity data in the Japanese Archipelago

Ebihara, A. & Nitta, J.H. J Plant Res (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-019-01141-7

In the 1960s, there was a request for understanding the reach of right material to the right audience. During the segmentation phase of the U.S. market, businesses took advantage of radio and especially t.v. to sell their messages to the consumer. Advertising not only opened the consumer to a variety of information, but also enabled them to a greater variety of goods and services. The article points out that t.v. was the main method of choice for advertisement because it gave individual brands their very own identity. In the end, the introduction of the television to American families revolutionized the strategies of marketing. Television allowed marketers to apply their advertisements to a broad range of audience. This phase of U.S. marketing allowed for the one on one relationship of the seller and the customer. This close relationship strategy of the producer and consumer of the 1960s can be witnessed in the modern world. Today, the key function of social media is allowing more producers to interact with their customers. Social media is serving as a structure that not only producers, but also consumers to critique and rate back their service. This in sense is pushing companies and brands to question where they can improve their products and how they can go about it. 

I chose to analyze figure #13. The methods seem to have led to the same locations inside a conservatory. I notice this because of the background similarities between the two flowering plant images. The flower seems identical to size as both the images show a standard card width flower. The images do not seem to specify the exact flower as all the petals are similar and might be the same in size. One difference between the two images is the map. The left map colors in the countries of China, Japan, and South Korea. The right map colors in maps of India, China, Japan, and South Korea. Another difference is in figures A. The plant on the left seems to have more flowers than the figure on the right. This might be due to just photographing the wrong side of the plant. 

Methods: 

• I begin my journey outside the BCRC main doors. 
• Facing away from the BCRC door, I turned left and walked down the hallway to get to the stairs near the water fountain. 
• I took the stairs down to the very first floor.  
• I exited Morrill through the doors facing the East side of the campus. 
• Once I walk out, I noticed that I was facing the Shade Tree lab and the Franklin Dining Commons. 
• I walked straight until I reached Stockbridge road.
• From Stockbridge road, I turned left on Stockbridge road or walked North. 
• I walked up Stockbridge road past French Hall and the University Club. 
• I stopped once I reached Wilder Hall. 
• I looked right or East and I saw apple tree.
• The apple trees were next to the Durfee Conservatory.
• I entered the aisle of apples trees and walk to the end of that aisle. 
• I found the evidence for phytophagy on the second aisle of the apple trees or the first left. 
• The leaf is near a many yellow leaves.